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Use impersonal academic language, unless otherwise instructed. Therefore avoid using; I and We and You
For example, instead of
"I think that the arguments are...."
You could write
"It could be argued that....."
Avoid repetition by restructuring sentences or removing words. Also it is handy to have a thesaurus available to change words and to ensure that you use the correct word needed.
For example, instead of
"The importance of good hygiene is important in ensuring good care and the standards of hygiene must be monitored effectively to provide an effective service."
You could write
"Standards of hygiene should be monitored to provide effective care"
Vary the linking words and phrases used. Avoid overuse of "and", "also" and "then". To do this either use different words or replace with punctuation
For example, instead of
"For nursing research purposes, it is imperative to use up to date sources of evidence and the author must be qualified within the relative field to ensure that the research is from a reliable source and is appropriate in today's contemporary nursing practice and also the research must be granted ethical approval."
You could write
"For nursing research purposes it is imperative to use up to date sources of evidence. Plus the researcher must be qualified within the relative field of the topic. In addition to this the research must be granted ethical approval. These factors are imperative in order for nursing research to be appropriate in today's comtempory nursing practice.
Keep the tenses consistent. Do not wander from the present to the past.
For example, instead of
"To meet with Health and Safety regulations, it was important to introduce regular breaks within the working shift. In some hospitals a structured break pattern can be introduced which provided allocated breaks."
You could write
"To meet with Health and Safety regulations, it was important to introduce regulare breaks within the working shift. In some hospitals a structured break pattern was introduced which provided allocated breaks."
Use cautious language. Such as may, might, would, indicate, could, imply, appear, suggest. As all acadmic writing and factual reports should be backed up with evidence and references. So if you cannot find evidence or a textual reference to support your argument, you should be cautious not to write words such as; definetly, confirmed, is, results in.
For example, instead of
"Privatisation results in job losses for the NHS"
You could write
"Privatisation may result in job losses for the NHS"
Avoid generalisations as it can does not highlight academic writing, and can often make the language seem colloquial.
For example, instead of
"Everyone knows that...."
You could write
"It is widely recognised..."
Write numbers out in text. Short numbers are better displayed as the word, however long numbers should remain in their numerical form.
For example,
Two nurses are required to administer controlled drugs. There are approximately 206 bones in the human body.
Do not directly address the reader with a question.
For example, instead of
"Do Social Workers reinforce institutionalised discrimination?"
You could write
"The question arises whether Social Workers reinforce institutionalised discrimination."
Use formal language. In doing this also avoid emotive language.
For example, instead of
"These theories were later trashed by studies"
You could write
"These theories were later refuted by studies"
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